35min

The process variables we have more control over, PH we go apen  PH refining became improved. We can get more water in to the fiber. Temperature that^, s a difficult one that^, s a difficult one most mill cause go why the way most mills done control PH a temperature, they do have much consistency drops. We might more cutting to consistency gets to high we may be ………………. Process the material group????. Production rate is key, the tons per day we put…………… we can back of the production rate and optimize refiner. But most mill done have the lucturey . the key variable is the applied energy, a plug gap, the horse power …………………. The amprighs inused. That’s want to have tacke…………………………..

Here we have to slide…………………………………….

The important of how in pulp changes the effect of refining changes. This is a low yield pulp, we have ported to refiner system , we have ported to in so many hours power is a kraft pulp 50% yield . let ^,s  comper . this to touching of high yield pulp, 65% yield, 70%  yield pulp porting to threw same refiner, the same process. You look at it and you don’t se much affect. The reason being high yield pulps have lignin. More lignin is retaining. Lignin is hydrofoil water ………… is more difficult to refine these pulps. Their requite more refine energy. So as we change to kind of fiber. Depending the pan yield the coarseness, ………their thin walls or thick walls. All of this things causes to need to change refiner system. The paper maker can dial what  any kind of raw material. It is changes the raw material. That he dose not about. That causes ………… is variation in the flows. I mention …… that’s bare can have different patterns on them choice of pattern the designed ……… is what together their we……….be supplies …………..provide in valuable help. Because they have a long history working with the mills in choice in the beast way, for the beast refiner result . we open the lear taking in look at it. Canadian standard freeness test. Drainage is the most common method we have monitoring refining. We measure what the drainage and we make designee ….refine more or less. There are other kind of test drainage tester on other than Canadian standard freeness. One of common ones is used Scandinavia and in Canada and some causes in the united stated is well super regular is be SR. In the Shopper Regular, the drainage also depended on gravity. But in the Shopper Regular the cylinder is calibrated differently. In Canadian standard freeness the more be refine .lower number is that in Shopper Regular the more be refine is higher is number yet. So you need you looking graph about SR to know the number is increase there is more refining having bent on. But we can convert some are to the other, important things ….. .tester dialing with gravity. The green and volume test freeness test is well different. This particular tester dose really suction and vacuum. That’s gone a change nature this test. One the common tester that can be used is traditional Canadian standard or tappi standard. Tappi standard or British standard sheet mud. When reaction ……..make a handsheet. We can pore in to our sheet made. A sample make a handsheet and time would stopwatch. The time a text for to drain. Those test different. The Canadian standard and sr. because they do in valve pull in to vacuum. They are less sensitive to fines…….and some people believe. They more costly resinol drainage on the paper machine have is the key to are under standing now of refining and as in exes paper mill and in the laboratory. How do we know how much refining to do, how do we know optimize. We can measure drainage. But there are other of process well. We need the go over some of this. If you do nothavean interesting optimization the next few slides you could skeep over too,we would be dialing with control to…………diend……….how at optimize refining the next haft slide……..importent.one way is to plat one paper property against another here we see tear plot against……. Tensile. we could plot , drainage against tensile. We could plot optical property against tensile, we could plot perhaps tensile against energy. But is very common plot property against to another. reason in point is import………………………………………………………………..

Making in this point . we have opentional we have a opetential to cheep high streght and depending on pane how we oporait of refiner system. You really cheeve ………………………………… or we have porting energy in and improper way ……… and we might a cheeve all at potansiel from the pulp. Or we will porting the energy and in proper way and we might a chive one property tensile but we might not ………….. tear every one……….. we have a range evaporation and other words where we can try to increase the result to the refining and  it is try to fine that optimum point. That is important. Laboratory beater are different then mills. Even mills refiners a mound cell are different here we see how as report in more an more refining energy. Look at how sr drainage is increases. This is telling us that is generally  more more refine in the bring. …………….. look at how for the same energy in put look at how conical refiners. Look at how disc refiners. Generate different a mount ……………….. fins. ………………. the refining action is different . even that a conical, even then a disc refiner depending a pan how we put the energy. What ………………. We ported in the teus manner in a less in tens way. What is mean by that , well remember there two ways to get to

Top ……………………………………...You can one up or you can walk up.

There are two method. The same ………………… refinig.in density of refining. Is a different concept an energy. And we need to he a wear that but look at how we get the different results. Depending on how we put the energy. This would show this same face here changing beating energy again here is how tensile is increase. It would nothing increase the same way depending a pan ………………..conical or discs. And how we put the energy. Even using the same refiners if we a port refiner one way we get this tensile increase .if we a port another way we get that tensile increase. For the same a mount of energy that shows for getting more for our money. If we can fine the proper operating condition. The refining result would coarse be depended on the pan……………. In the pulp ……………… on bar angels. The design refiner but on to concept produce the specific refining energy that’s the amprig that’s the bar power. That’s the tons per day is the energy is by the by the through plate. Power tons per day very common tern. Celewat houver per ton is another tern. But the refining energy is on variable, the other one is intencity of refine we call that specific edge load some people believe in this concept even intencity can other do not .it dose not tacking to a camp for example bar were this is a problems …….   . let me the fine the result at let see how there used . first lets look at how the energy is used in a refiner if we just short start or our refiner up empty. At sorting energy used require to just turn a shift to drives that’s a no loud energy . if we send water through. That a no loud energy but we water added. Now we are looking at the refiner as ………………………………

We have stock I am going at the refiner as a pulp all of those are no loud energy would means the bar are batched away we have a high plate gap. but we if now moved plates together and we have start to do actioul refining on the fibers now we have tall refining energy. And it is the refining energy that a shown in a ………that’s refining energy……….

Would is be put the fiber and from which we can they terman refiner efficiency. This refiner would be slightly listen 50%  efficiency. You can see…………..tall energy. I compeer that to how much the energy is actually in to the fiber. The tall energy ……………….no load………………… that’s one way to monitor and measure refining efficiency. So list this give an idea of the varies. So the effective refining energy is that …………………. Tall load means no load. Another import ………………….is edge length per see. Another form really ……………….is giving have of leave it to you look at it student. What it basically consist of is an give some idea of how many time bars………………………….

That number of bars, the area of the bars the link to the bars and the vpn. The mental picture you should have is of bar crossing bar the edge length per sec give some idea how many it is crossing a ………. How many time ……….be gather and to ……………turn and the pull the pan and word the pan. So in the concept that’s what is this. Now the effective specific refining energy that you seen in this graph and that you see………..is sample ………………area the effective of refining energy the by the by the thought plate. So the tall number of hours power that using to refine the by the by tons per day. Hours power the winded by tons per day gives us …..they put on or kilowatt hours per time. This is refining energy. Something called edge load is sample that energy………….of bar crosses. That’s the intensity but you see the turn edge load. That’s refiner intensity so we got energy and we have gone tensity. Now they way refining process can be optimize is to properties tensile and tear as in example could be tensile andopacity. …to particularly properties. And refine what edge load. What intensity is required and what energy in put to required to give particular values tensile and tear. Remember given those form loose compocated …….really change it is show gap is change …………..and flow ….tons per day………… things………to come of these different number. So made look compocated reality. It is not, now we can do it is put together hold series …of tensile as well as tear and we can find for different intensity. And energy input for different plate gaps and thought puts pot. The optimum value of tensile and tear we want to have. Unfortunately most mill done have capacity to do that. They can play with production. The through wall I can. But if a mill dose have the building to monitor pull back on the experiment whit through put they can product corse like one we just in. lets move back now in to this area of control of refining. When we want to change refiner, when we want that refiner to another have gap to come together or a part. Base on the freeness measurement lets say very common in a mill to take a freeness measurement if the freeness measurement to high we have an refiner enough the operate remove plate gap together. So will have an operated do that or will have other mater computer control. Which ever we have we want that transition to be smote we might start of which plates and power at the sort 11. and we make a change want to have stove transaition. To wear plates come together and we don’t over correct or the correct and have done by hand that’s approached. It is done by computer control that’s another computer control when I work. The danger with both computer control is that we can over control.

50-53.42 min

Any time we have a control faction but or we really doing is having lose plates baking of an coming together hot flew very low we hope the proof substation the cycle in the power as be important are very small we want narrow bend of control we don’t wide bend we don’t to plate do in this. What can happen if we don’t have a good control? We have to careful monitor this. Is that the controller doesn’t word properties……….

53.42min

What this dose at these points is given sees over view of beating and refining as well as stock prep. Important point to remember in beating, in refining is that were how we refine would be depend a large of number of variable. Some mills refiner one point mills would generally refine part porty additives. Some we refine before and after porting over……refining we do we try to a just to the kind of fiber the kind of pulp that we have coming in and the kind of paper protect that ….to make we just process to fit the prop. Now this conclude overview of beating and refining the next to chapter in stock prep are going to ….are the varies additives we can used in our system. When we take are pulps and blended together and port in our additives we create our is call the furnish. An is that furnish the organize the paper machine. This can cloud chapter 9 on stock prep beating and refining.